They are damaged by excessive UV light exposure and glucocorticoids. Sweat glands (epitrichial [formerly apocrine] and atrichial [formerly eccrine]) are part of the thermoregulatory system. The skin, or integument, is considered an organ because it consists of all four tissue types. Cats also sweat through their paws, especially when excited; this is most commonly seen as wet paw prints on surfaces, eg, examination tables. The quiz here is perfect to help you check just how much you can remember. The client should immediately remove the tick by grasping it with tweezers close to the dog’s skin and then pulling it steadily upwards. The goal of this process is to produce a compact layer of dead cells called the stratum corneum, which functions as an impermeable barrier to the loss of fluids, electrolytes, minerals, nutrients, and water, while preventing the penetration of infectious or noxious agents into the skin. Anatomically, the skin consists of the following structures: epidermis, basement membrane zone, dermis, appendageal system, and subcutaneous muscles and fat. Glucocorticoids decrease mitotic activity; disease and inflammation also alter normal epidermal growth and keratinization. bookmarked pages associated with this title. Also see pet health content regarding structure of the skin in dogs, in cats, and in horses. Epidermal proteins may also conjugate with exogenous haptens, rendering them antigenic. and any corresponding bookmarks? The functions of the integumentary system are: Protection. Integumentary system. The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The skin has many functions, including serving as an enclosing barrier and providing environmental protection, regulating temperature, producing pigment and vitamin D, and sensory perception. The skin, with hair. The skin has many functions, including serving as an enclosing barrier and providing environmental protection, regulating temperature, producing pigment and vitamin D, and sensory perception. The hair coat also helps conceal or camouflage the animal. Nails are keratinous external appendages of the integumentary system. The growth of hair is controlled by a number of factors, including nutrition, hormones, and photoperiod. The endocrine system functions to regulate body functions by chemicals (hormones). As keratinocytes migrate upward, they undergo a complex process of programmed cell death or keratinization. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: Antigenic and allergenic material is processed by these cells and transported to local and nodal T cells to induce hypersensitivity reactions. The stratum corneum is continuously shed or desquamated. The client should schedule an appointment to have the ticks safely removed by a trained staff member. Bone tissue, or osseous tissue , is a hard, dense connective tissue that forms most of the adult skeleton, the internal support structure of … Sensory nerves are distributed in the dermis, hair follicles, and specialized tactile structures. The skin is the largest organ of the body and, depending on the species and age, may represent 12%–24% of an animal’s body weight. The Integumentary System The integumentary system consists of the skin, hair, nails, the subcutaneous tissue below the skin, and assorted glands. It has been hypothesized that photoperiod and reproduction cycles may affect the epidermis in animals. Although technically not part of the skin, the hypodermis (subcutaneous layer, or superficial fascia) lies beneath the dermis. A client calls her veterinarian because she has found a tick on her dog and she is not sure how to remove it. The skin, or integument, is considered an organ because it consists of all four tissue types. Merkel cells are specialized sensory cells associated with skin sensory organs, eg, whiskers and tylotrich pads. Hormones have a significant effect on hair growth. The skin, or integumentary system, is the body's largest organ. © 2020 Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Production of pigment is under hormonal and genetic control. Last full review/revision Jan 2020 | Content last modified Jan 2020, © 2020 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA), © 2021 Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp., a subsidiary of Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA. The legacy of this great resource continues as the Merck Veterinary Manual in the US and Canada and the MSD Manual outside of North America. Some degree, regulates the epidermis well do you understand your own skin organ because consists! And nails, thus making up the integumentary system process of programmed cell or... It is the major subcutaneous muscle pages associated with this title keratinocytes,,! 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